Rivers Management for Urban

The river is a natural waterway. flow toward the ocean, lake or sea or river to another. In some cases, a river simply flows into the soil before finding bodies of water. By going through the river is the usual way for the rain that fell on the mainland to flow into the sea or a large water reservoir like a lake. River consists of several parts, starting from the spring that flows into the creek. Some tributaries will merge to form a major river. The water flow is usually bordered by the channel with a base and a cliff on the left and right. End of the river where the river meets the sea is recognized as the river mouth.

The river is one part of the hydrologic cycle. Water in Sundai generally collected from precipitation, such as rain, dew, springs, underground runoff, and in some countries also tertantu river water comes from melting ice / snow. Besides water, the river is also flowing sediment and pollutants.

The usefulness of a river is for agricultural irrigation, the raw materials of drinking water, as rain water drainage and waste water, even the potential to be a real attraction of the river. In Indonesia there are currently 5,950 watersheds.

River management

Rivers often be managed or controlled so more helpful or mitigate the negative impacts on human activities.

1. weir and dam was built to control the flow, store water or generate energy.
2. The embankment was made to prevent the river flowing beyond the limits of the flood plains.
3. The channels are made to connect rivers to transfer water and navigation
4. The Agency streams can be modified to improve navigation, or straightened to increase the average flow.

River management is a continuous activity as rivers tend to reproduce man-made modifications. The dredged channel will return shallow, sluice mechanism will worsen as time goes on, dikes and dams seepage or very likely to have devastating consequences of failure. The advantage is sought in river management is often "break-even" when compared to the social and economic costs incurred in mitigating the adverse effects of management is concerned. For example, in some parts of the developing world, rivers have been confined in the canals so that the flat flood plain can be free and developed. Floods can inundate such development pattern so that it takes high cost and often murderous.

Organizing Space River Region

Early start to the rainy season, but we are worried, afraid repeated such incident last January. "The area of ​​the river will become a problem as more and more people, so in an area that should not be for development activities but eventually used for a place to stay, this is a problem" era ancestor Formerly known cities of the river, the town beach. Now, the risk of flooding every year especially like months now, because it is not according to its function, when agriculture yes yes residential agricultural settlements. So sustainable productive. Whether we can restore it in a short time? "There should be a common commitment of all stakeholders in order to accelerate the reduction or restore natural functions. Furthermore Bahal explained, if the first 70s woke areas only 10% but now after nearly 30 years of almost 90% build up areas. Areas for water infiltration is reduced, resulting in the water becoming so desperate and certainly rise to the top. "For that we need unity in dealing with the arrangement of space, which means that the role of the community need to be increased, if necessary, there is a special body (authority) for menangai this issue", according Bahal.

According to Yayat Supriyatna, urban observer who is also a member of the Association of Planning, rivers function in everyday life as a source to obtain raw water sources, irrigation etc. Another alternative could function for traffic when the river is rather large as in Sumatra, it could be for flood control of the channel macro in the city. "But now what happens is the decrease function of the river turned into trash, this is the root of the problem" said Yayat deplore these conditions occur. Further according to Yayat, there are two factors regarding flood problems in the upstream and downstream. 

We are experiencing a crisis in maintaining, as a result emerged puddles everywhere despite the new rain showers. There is no commitment to maintain the existing basin. Challenges ahead, our brothers in the banks of the river because it is solid, but not allowed in the wake of the settlement, but because of poverty, limited land so were forced to live there. As a result, the narrowing of river bodies, garbage etc. "Now there are 70,000 households in Jakarta living in the river banks, we imagine that all trash into the river, the great rains that automatically will go into the body of the river, and spread everywhere" said Yayat. If it's a disaster do not protest if it's our fault. Further according to Yayat, Jakarta without send rainwater from Bogor with 50-100 mm rainfall was already flooded. At the time of flooding in Jakarta in January 2007 and then floods, rainfall of 401 mm, an hour alone is stagnant everywhere.

From the point of spatial, according Bahal judging the causes of flooding there are 2 factors that cause: natural factors, which can not be disturbed contested, and the human factor. If it used to be a native of Jakarta, Betawi people live in the land of high ground. But now, turn to the thriving town not pay attention to local wisdom becomes hostile. First humans do not get in a flood plain, but now due to the requirement of land / space occupied as well. The solution is yes polder system, but it is expensive and long. ". Should have been used to prepare new Banjirkanal built, for violating yes akhiranya flood "explained Bahal.

The river is an important element in human life, therefore, research and management of the river was carried out by a variety of professions. Experts sanitary for example, examined the river sediment that comes from sewage and their effect on the environment. While civil engineering experts, manage the river for purposes of the reservoir, development of ports and bridges. For this purpose, the necessary knowledge of the river and up streaming, such as river morphology, the historical development of rivers and river drainage patterns.

Border River

Border river is the area along the left and right of the river, including the artificial river that has important benefits for maintaining the sustainability of the functions of the river. The protection of riparian done to protect the river from human activities that can secure the flow of the river. Serdang Bedagai has many large and small rivers. Based on Minister of Public Works No. 63 of 1993 regarding Line Worth Rivers, Regional Benefits River, River Region River, and the River Used to pay attention to its existence, the set / directed riparian area in Serdang Bedagai as follows:

• The river levees in the city center must have commensurate river measured 3 meters from the foot of the embankment.
• The river levees outside the city must have commensurate river 5 meters from the foot of the embankment.
• Great River unprotected commensurate river has 100m.
• The creek without a safety has commensurate river 50 m.

Region riparian set / directed as a protected area can be used for farming activities to the extent not disrupt the protective function, for example, be used for sports fields, recreational areas, and so on. And if the cultivated areas existing activities that have violated worth river should be returned as the function which has been set / realized.

The function of the river is supposed to be part of the source of human life is precisely the source of the disposal of a human.